Livestock and Poultry in Bihar

Animal husbandry has a significant part in the state’s economy, accounting for 36% of agriculture’s GSDP.

Precautions for Livestock and Poultry: To avoid numerous respiratory problems caused by ammonia, which may predispose animals to disease, livestock and poultry houses should be properly ventilated. To avoid contact with a cold surface throughout the winter, livestock should be kept clean, dry, and warm with appropriate bedding materials. Smoke from fireplaces burned to give warmth should be kept away from the animal houses. Pneumonia is more likely to occur as a result of the smoke and dust.

During the day, the houses of livestock and poultry should be fully opened to expose the animal shed to sunshine. Allow them to sip clean, warm water and expose every portion of the animal house to sunshine.

Because newborn animals are especially susceptible to cold stress in the winter, give them with a jute coat until they begin eating concentrate. Before introducing day old chicks, the poultry shed should be preheated during the winter.

To avoid water logging in and around the house, make adequate arrangements for water drainage.

To avoid haemoprotozoal infections, spray ecto-parasiticidal medications on the animal’s body surface and in the cattle yard/Pashushala. Berseem (Vardan, Mascavi, and BL-42) and Oat (Kent, Oat-9, and JHO- 851) types can be grown for use as livestock fodder. Fodder (Berseem) should be sown after being treated with rhizobium culture.Oats should be planted in October to get the best yield.

Green fodder surpluses can be dried in the sun to become hay, which can be used during the lean season. For maintenance, the animals should be fed a mineral mixture of 50-60 g/day per cattle or buffalo, and a balance concentrate mixture of 1.25-1.5 kg/day each animal.

PPR vaccine should be given to children above the age of four months.

FMD, Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Black Quarter, and other diseases should be vaccinated in cattle and buffaloes. The first immunisation should be given at the age of 4-6 months and should be repeated every six months for FMD and once a year for Haemorrhagic Septicaemia and Black Quarter. At the age of 4-8 months, the female calf should be immunised against brucellosis using the s19 strain vaccine.

Vaccinate poultry birds against many bacterial and viral diseases, such as Ranikhet Disease, IBD, Mareks Disease, Infectious Bronchitis, Fowl Pox, Fowl Cholera, and so on, according to the vaccination schedule.

To avoid coccidiosis concerns, coccidiostat should be added to poultry and calf feed.

Mastitis in animals can be avoided by using clean milk production methods. To prevent the animals against internal parasitic infestation, they should not be permitted to graze near ponds or lakes.

Daily raking of litter and mixing of lime powder is essential to avoid the creation of litter cake, moisture, and odour in the chicken house.

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